Abstract

This thematic paper has two objectives; to study Mūlakammaṭṭhāna in Theravada Buddhist Scriptures, and to study Mūlakammaṭṭhāna in Kāyagatāsati. Methodology is a qualitative research method with emphasizing on documents studies. Clarified data are taken from the Theravada Buddhist scriptures and other related documents, then composed, summarized, explained in details, corrected and verified by Buddhist scholars. From the study it found that;

                 Mūlakammaṭṭhāna means  the based Kammaṭṭhāna which is the way of mind training in order to withhold Nīvarana (hindrances) by contemplation on five parts of body which are head hair (Kesā), body hair (Lomā), nails (Nakhā), teeth (Dhantā), skin (Tajo) by conforming (Anuloma) and then read backwards (Patiloma) for the newly ordained monks to know the natural truth of Sankhara and will not attach to the mirage caused from Avijjā until could not see thing as real truth that all Saṃkhara are impermanence suffering and being Anatta. Looking from outside it will looks good  but if we cannot take good care it will be dirty and become nest of deseases.

                 Kāyagatāsati means the sati that is the awareness of all thirty two parts in the body. Kāyagatāsati Kammaṭṭhana is called Dwattingsakara-kammathana or Kotthadasa-kammathana. Mūlakammaṭṭhāna in Kāyagatāsatisutta is the first five parts of body. For the thirty two parts divided it is called Tajapanjaka-kammatthāna which is the first five panjaka of the thirty two manners which is the Kammatthāna used for consideration the five parts of body by Paṭikūla, where the characteristics are Asubha (ugly) impermanence suffering dirty unbeauty ugly. Body is the location of life, it is the location of birth and rebirth by Tanhā (craving) Upādāna until all Clinging can release from body and cause to attain Supramundane States (Lokuttara-dhamma).

                 Mūlakammaṭṭhāna is the kammatthana to support Insight Meditation Practice directly because the contemplation of body are the five postures according to the Four Foundation of Mindfulness which are Kāyānupassana Satipatthana. The adventage of Mūlakammaṭṭhāna, the Buddha mentioned that is the one who tolerant to pleasure and displeasure, tolerant to dangerous and fear, patient to cold, hot, thirsty, etc., and cause in attainment of the forth Jhana that result to stay happily.  Thus cause in attainment of supernatural power which brings to Dibbasotañāna (heavenly ear), Cetopariyañāna (knowledge of others’ thought), Pubbenivāsānussatiñāna (Reminiscence of Past or Previous Birth), Cutūpapātañāna (the Knowledge of decease and rebirth of beings) and then resulted in getting rids of all defilements.

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